Best Position Paper
Best Position Paper
Isabel Herrera Comella
United Nations Environmental Program
Official name: Kingdom of Norway.
Capital: Oslo.
Form of government:
Official languages: Norwegian and Sami.
Population: 5,267,146
Surface: 385,203 sq. km
Coin: Krone
PIB: 351.599M.€
Religions: Lutheran 71.5%, Catholic 2.9%, Christian 2.9%
Member of the UN
since: November 27 1945
Delegate name: Isabel Herrera Comella
History:
The first settlers in Norway were hunters and
gatherers who arrived shortly after the Ice Age. The country is famous for its
Viking Age, a period that began with the sacking of the Lindisfarne Monastery
of England, by the Norse pirates in 793 BC. The Vikings were great navigators
and warriors who conquered many lands. The Viking leader Harald Hårfagre
unified Norway in the year 900 and King Olav in the village to Christianity a
century later. The Viking Age ended in 1066 with the disappearance of King
Hauego Hardråda.
NORWAY
WATER POLLUTION
1.
Water
Pollution (in oceans) is the introduction by man of substances or energy into
the marine environment, resulting in deleterious effects such as: harm to
living sources, negative effects on human health, delay to marine activities,
lack of quality for use of sea water and reduction of services. Sewage,
chemical waste, radioactive waste, plastics, oil pollution and alien species
can cause it.
2.
Emphasizing, pollution is a human problem because it is a relatively
recent development in the planet's history: before Industrial Revolution,
people lived more in harmony with their immediate environment. As
industrialization has spread around the globe, and the problem of pollution has
spread with it. How serious is the problem? According to the environmental
campaign organization WWF: "Pollution from toxic chemicals threatens life
on this planet. Every ocean and every continent, from the tropics to the
once-pristine Polar Regions, is contaminated. Reaffirming, with around 7
billion people on the planet, it has become apparent that there are limits.
Pollution is one of the signs that humans have exceeded those limits.
3.
The nation
of Norway affirms that ocean pollution affects everyone because
everything that Norway does in the oceans, bad or good, affects countries
nearby like Denmark, United Kingdom and Iceland, or countries far away like
USA, Canada or Brazil. Therefore, if a nearby country pollutes Norway is
going to be affected because the currents drag the plastics or the objects that
are polluting to the Norwegian coast. Having studied various global
efforts, the nation of Norway agrees that marine litter and micro plastics are
a serious form of marine pollution that must be prioritized. The rapidly
increasing levels of plastic litter and micro plastics in our oceans is a
global concern. Norway is deeply concerned with millions of tons of
plastic waste flowing around the oceans and being carried across the globe with
the currents. According to UNEP, “if current pollution rates continue, there
will be more plastic in the sea than fish by 2050”. Noting with deep concern,
that this affects livelihoods, economic activity, ecosystems and human health. Emphasizing
that fighting marine litter is a key priority for Norway at home and
abroad. Convinced that we need specific actions on the ground
nationally but also internationally. Observing that there is a lack of a
coherent international governing framework that effectively addresses
marine litter in a comprehensive manner.
1.
Recognizing
that there are countries that
are against Norway´s laws like china, China´s problems with ocean pollution has
worsened since the beginning of the year after China stopped accepting foreign
waste. Therefore, in recent years China has taken 5000,000 tons of
plastic from the UK a year. As regards to past solutions, The
Norwegian method of encouraging recycling is believed to be one of the simplest
and most cost-effective ways of reducing plastic waste. The method works like
this: consumers pay a small additional charge on each bottle they buy. When the
bottle is returned either to the shop or a recycling machine, the deposit is
refunded. That helps by not polluting and the government gets money and people
get excited to help the environment by winning money while buying things. Having considered this other solution; Norway and other 200 countries have promised to turn the
tide on throwaway plastic packaging that is clogging our oceans and threatening
marine ecosystems. This has been done with the Paris Agreement. Keeping in
mind what Norwegian Environment Minister Vidar Helgesen said about
enforcing the agreement; “We now have an agreement to explore a legally binding
instrument and other measures and that will be done at the international level
over the next 18 months.”[1]
5.
Norway calls
upon the United Nations Environment Programme to address the challenge of
marine litter and microplastics, with a vision for zero plastics in the ocean.
Norway calls for more action both in the short and long-term to achieve
Sustainable Development Goal 14[2], which seeks to conserve
and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources. Norway recommends
the creation of a common fund from UNEP and the micro plastic product
manufacturers for a massive and global recycling program that puts special
emphasis on underdeveloped countries that have the largest ocean pollution
issues. UNEP and individual government and business alliances for intensive
coastal clean-ups. Norway encourages all developed nations to invest a
percentage of their budget in local actions and another percentage on global
actions, in order to support those countries that do not have resources
to sustain their own actions.
Strongly affirms that one country affects other countries, therefore Norway
decided to help other countries because if countries keep being polluted Norway
is going to get more polluted because the polluted currents are dragged to
Norway and that’s not fair or good for the environmental.
Bibliography
1.
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2.
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(2017). sustainable development 14. 2011, de UN Sitio web: https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/oceans/
7.
UNEA. (2016).
UNEA-3. 2017, de UN Sitio web: https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/21266/Norway_draft_resolution_on_marine_litter_and_microplastics_10_07_17.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed
8.
you tube.
(2018). Norway solution. 2018, de Norway Sitio web: https://www.msn.com/es-co/video/noticias/la-solución-noruega-para-acabar-con-la-basura-plástica-en-los-océanos/vi-BBIPfrR
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Ruby Russe.
(2017). UN resolves to end ocean plastic waste. 2017, de UNEP Sitio web: http://amp.dw.com/en/un-resolves-to-end-ocean-plastic-waste/a-41690999
10.
Harry Cockburn
. (2018). UK could adopt strict Norway plastic bottle recycling system. 2018,
de INDEPENDENT Sitio web: https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/uk-plastic-bottle-recycling-system-norway-adopt-ocean-pollution-latest-news-a8198761.htm
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